![]() The Shroud was most likely brought to Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire, in 574 as the Image of God Incarnate, or it may have come into Constantinople in 944 as the Mandylion or Image of Edessa. Catherine’s Monastery at Sinai, which probably dates to about 550 AD. The earliest surviving example is the Christ Pantocrator painting from St. The image that is now on the Shroud of Turin was frequently copied in Byzantine art. ![]() Ancient texts and an inscription indicate Jesus’ shroud may have been involved in the conversion of King Abgar the Great of Edessa probably in the second century. (See paper 19 on the RESEARCH page.)Ī tradition preserved in the writings of Athanasius (298–373 A.D.) indicates that prior to the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 AD, Christian relics, including the icon of our Lord, were brought from Jerusalem through Pella to Syria, perhaps Antioch. ![]() The amount of C-14 at the sample location had to increase by only 16% to shift the C-14 date from the time of Jesus (about 33 AD) to the range of the carbon dating (1260 to 1390 AD). A small fraction of these neutrons would have been absorbed in the trace amount of N-14 in the cloth to form new C-14 atoms by the (N-14 + neutron produces C-14 + proton) reaction. We believe that the claimed C-14 date (1260 to 1390 AD) is a misinterpretation of the C-14 measurement data because neutrons were evidently included in the radiation from the body that caused the image. We believe that the evidence on the Shroud indicates that the front and back images of the crucified man were formed by radiation emitted from the body that altered the atomic structure of the atoms in the linen. Based on this scientific research, the majority opinion of Shroud researchers is that the Shroud wrapped the dead body of a crucified man and that in some way this body encoded front and back images of itself onto the inside of the Shroud. This scientific research has shown that the characteristics of the image are so unique that it could not be the result of a human agent, either an artist or forger, because the technology to create this image did not exist in any previous era and still does not exist even today. The historical and scientific research on the Shroud since then makes it the most studied ancient artifact in existence. The scientific investigation of the Shroud began in 1898 when Secondo Pia took the first photograph of the Shroud which revealed that the image was a good resolution negative image. Ancient coins and artistic works are consistent with this view. Long standing tradition claims that the Shroud of Turin is the authentic burial cloth of Jesus. When put on display in Turin, Italy, which usually occurs only a few times each century, millions of people file past the Shroud and see the images of the crucified man. The amazing thing about this burial cloth is that it contains full size good resolution images of the front and back of a naked man that was crucified exactly as the New Testament says that Jesus of Nazareth was crucified, yet the images contain no pigment. The Shroud of Turin has a continuously documented history back to about 1355 or 1356 when it went on display in Lirey, France, as the burial cloth of Jesus, but there is convincing evidence that it was in Constantinople prior to 1204. This is the only burial shroud with an image on it. The remarkable thing about this burial shroud is that it contains a front and back (dorsal) image of a man that was crucified exactly as the New Testament says that Jesus of Nazareth was crucified, yet the image contains no pigment. It has been in Turin since 1578, and measures 14 feet 4 inches long by 3 feet 8 inches wide. Thus, the Shroud of Turin is a burial cloth located in Turin, Italy. ![]() A shroud is a piece of cloth that is used to wrap a dead body for burial. The Shroud of Turin is also called the Turin Shroud, or just the Shroud.
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